这不是与Benlysta(belimumab小瓶)相互作用的所有药物或健康问题的列表。
告诉您的医生和药剂师您所有的药物(处方药或非处方药,天然产品,维生素)和健康问题。您必须检查以确保服用所有药物和健康问题的Benlysta(贝立单抗小瓶)是安全的。未经医生许可,请勿开始,停止或更改任何药物的剂量。
按照医生的指示使用Benlysta(贝立单抗小瓶)。阅读提供给您的所有信息。请严格按照所有说明进行操作。
如果我错过了剂量怎么办?
警告/警告:尽管这种情况很少见,但有些人在服药时可能会有非常严重的副作用,有时甚至是致命的副作用。如果您有以下任何与严重不良副作用相关的症状或体征,请立即告诉医生或寻求医疗帮助:
所有药物都可能引起副作用。但是,许多人没有副作用,或者只有很小的副作用。如果这些副作用或任何其他副作用困扰您或不消失,请致电您的医生或获得医疗帮助:
这些并非所有可能发生的副作用。如果您对副作用有疑问,请致电您的医生。打电话给您的医生,征求有关副作用的医疗建议。
您可以致电1-800-332-1088向FDA报告副作用。您也可以在https://www.fda.gov/medwatch报告副作用。
如果您认为服药过量,请致电毒物控制中心或立即就医。准备好告诉或显示采取了什么,采取了多少,何时发生。
注意:本文档包含有关belimumab的副作用信息。此页面上列出的某些剂型可能不适用于品牌名称Benlysta。
Benlysta的常见副作用包括:感染,严重感染,超敏反应,精神障碍和恶心。其他副作用包括:支气管炎,白细胞减少症,抑郁症,失眠症和鼻咽炎。有关不良影响的完整列表,请参见下文。
适用于belimumab:溶液粉,溶液
贝利木单抗(Benlysta中包含的活性成分)及其所需的作用可能会引起某些不良作用。尽管并非所有这些副作用都可能发生,但如果确实发生了,则可能需要医疗护理。
服用贝利木单抗时,如果出现以下任何副作用,请立即咨询医生:
比较普遍;普遍上
不常见
贝利木单抗的某些副作用可能会发生,通常不需要医疗。随着身体对药物的适应,这些副作用可能会在治疗期间消失。另外,您的医疗保健专业人员可能会告诉您一些预防或减少这些副作用的方法。
请咨询您的医疗保健专业人员,是否持续存在以下不良反应或令人讨厌,或者是否对这些副作用有任何疑问:
比较普遍;普遍上
不常见
适用于belimumab:静脉注射粉剂,皮下溶液
最常见的不良事件是感染,头痛,输液反应,关节痛,恶心,超敏反应,腹泻,尿路感染和发热。 [参考]
很常见(10%或更多):感染(非机会性感染)(70%)
常见(1%至10%):严重感染,咽炎,膀胱炎,胃肠炎病毒,抗Belimumab(Benlysta中包含的活性成分)抗体
罕见(0.1%至1%):感染导致死亡
未报告频率:进行性多灶性白质脑病[参考]
非常常见(10%或更多):与输液有关的反应(17%),超敏反应(13%)
罕见(0.1%至1%):严重的输液反应,过敏反应,血管性水肿
稀有(小于0.1%):延迟型非急性超敏反应
上市后报告:致命的过敏反应[参考]
-超敏反应涵盖一组术语,包括过敏反应和症状,包括低血压,血管性水肿,荨麻疹或其他皮疹,瘙痒和呼吸困难。
-与输液有关的反应包括一组术语,包括心动过缓,肌痛,头痛,皮疹,荨麻疹,发热,低血压,高血压,头晕和关节痛。
延迟型非急性超敏反应包括皮疹,恶心,疲劳,肌痛,头痛和面部浮肿。 [参考]
非常常见(10%或更多):头痛(21%)
常见(1%至10%):偏头痛,疲劳[参考]
非常常见(10%或更多):上呼吸道感染(18%)
常见(1%至10%):鼻咽炎,支气管炎[参考]
非常常见(10%或更多):关节痛(16%)
常见(1%至10%):四肢疼痛[Ref]
非常常见(10%或更多):恶心(15%),腹泻(12%) [参考]
非常常见(10%或更多):尿路感染
常见(1%至10%):膀胱炎[参考]
很常见(10%或更多):发热(10%)
普通(1%至10%):疲劳
罕见(0.1%至1%):死亡[参考]
常见(1%至10%):失眠,抑郁,焦虑
罕见(0.1%至1%):严重抑郁,自杀[参考]
常见(1%至10%):白细胞减少症[参考]
罕见(0.1%至1%):恶性肿瘤[参考]
罕见(0.1%至1%):皮疹,荨麻疹[参考]
1. Cerner Multum,Inc.“英国产品特性摘要”。 00
2.“产品信息。BENLYSTA(belimumab)。”葛兰素史克公司,北卡罗莱纳州三角研究园。
3. Cerner Multum,Inc.“澳大利亚产品信息”。 00
某些副作用可能没有报道。您可以将其报告给FDA。
Benlysta(belimumab)适用于接受标准疗法的5岁及以上患有活动性,自身抗体阳性的系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的患者。
使用限制
Benlysta在重度活动性狼疮肾炎或重度活动性中枢神经系统狼疮患者中的疗效尚未评估。 Benlysta尚未与其他生物制剂或静脉内环磷酰胺联合研究。在这些情况下,不建议使用Benlysta。
Benlysta可以在5岁及以上的患者中静脉内输注或在18岁及以上的患者中进行皮下注射。小瓶仅用于静脉内使用(不适用于皮下使用),自动注射器和预填充注射器仅用于皮下使用(不适用于静脉内使用)。
推荐的静脉给药方案-成人和小儿患者
静脉使用的Benlysta在给药前必须重新配制并稀释。请勿静脉推注或推注。
对于前3剂,建议的静脉剂量方案为10 mg / kg,间隔2周,之后间隔4周。在1小时内以静脉输注的形式重新配制,稀释和给药。如果患者发生输液反应,输液速度可能会减慢或中断。如果患者出现严重的超敏反应,则必须立即中止输注[见禁忌症( 4 ),警告和注意事项( 5.2 )] 。
静脉使用前的用药建议
之前与BENLYSTA静脉内给药,可考虑针对输液反应和过敏反应[见警告和注意事项(预防施用前用药5.2 , 5.3 ),不良反应( 6.1 )]。
静脉溶液的制备
用于静脉内使用的Benlysta以冻干粉形式提供在单剂量药瓶中,应由医护专业人员使用以下无菌技术进行重构和稀释。刺穿小瓶塞以进行重组和稀释时,建议使用21至25号针头。
静脉使用重建说明:
静脉使用稀释说明:
静脉使用管理说明
Benlysta的皮下给药尚未经过评估,也未批准用于18岁以下的患者。
推荐的皮下剂量方案—成年患者
建议剂量为每周一次200毫克,腹部或大腿皮下注射。皮下给药不是基于体重。
如果从使用Benlysta进行静脉内治疗过渡到皮下给药,则在最后一次静脉注射剂量后1至4周给药第一个皮下剂量。
皮下注射给药说明
静脉输液
注射:在单剂量小瓶中装入120 mg或400 mg冻干粉,以便在静脉内输注前重建和稀释。
皮下注射
注射:在单剂量预填充自动注射器或单剂量预填充玻璃注射器中,透明至乳白色,无色至浅黄色溶液为200 mg / mL。
Benlysta禁用于贝利木单抗过敏的患者。
据报道,接受包括Benlysta在内的免疫抑制剂的患者出现严重甚至致命的感染。总体而言,与安慰剂相比,接受Benlysta的患者在对照试验中发生严重感染的发生率相似,而接受Benlysta的患者中致命感染的发生率更高。
在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照试验中,接受Benlysta的患者发生严重感染的发生率为6.0%,而接受安慰剂的患者为5.2%。最常见的严重感染包括肺炎,尿路感染,蜂窝织炎和支气管炎。致命的感染发生在0.3%的Benlysta患者和0.1%的安慰剂患者中[见不良反应( 6.1 ) ]。
在静脉注射Benlysta的上市后安全性试验中,接受Benlysta的患者中严重感染的发生率为3.7%,而接受安慰剂的患者为4.1%。致命的感染发生在0.45%的Benlysta患者和0.15%的安慰剂患者中[见不良反应( 6.1 ) ]。
在成人皮下注射Benlysta的对照试验中,接受Benlysta的患者中严重感染的发生率为4.1%,接受安慰剂的患者为5.4%。致命的感染发生在0.5%的接受Benlysta的患者中,没有接受安慰剂的患者[见不良反应( 6.2 ) ]。
在患有严重或慢性感染的患者中开始使用Benlysta治疗之前,请考虑风险和收益。考虑在接受新感染的患者中中断使用Benlysta的治疗并密切监测这些患者。
进行性多灶性白质脑病(PML)
据报道,接受免疫抑制剂(包括Benlysta)的SLE患者中,JC病毒相关的PML导致神经功能缺损的病例,包括致命病例。 PML的危险因素包括免疫抑制剂治疗和免疫功能受损。在出现新的或恶化的神经系统症状和体征的任何患者中,考虑对PML进行诊断,并根据临床指示咨询神经科医生或其他适当的专家。对于确诊为PML的患者,请考虑停止包括Benlysta在内的免疫抑制剂治疗。
与Benlysta相关的急性超敏反应,包括过敏反应和死亡,已有报道。这些事件通常在输注后的数小时内发生;但是,它们可能会在以后发生。据报道有非急性超敏反应,包括皮疹,恶心,疲劳,肌痛,头痛和面部浮肿,通常在最近一次输注后一周内发生。先前耐受Benlysta输注的患者发生了超敏反应,包括严重的反应。有限的数据表明,具有多种药物过敏史或明显超敏反应的患者可能处于增加的风险中。
在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照临床试验中,报道有13%(191 / 1,458)的Benlysta患者和11%(76/675)的安慰剂患者发生超敏反应(在输注当天发生)。在接受Benlysta的患者中有0.6%(9 / 1,458)出现过敏反应,而接受安慰剂的患者中有0.4%(3/675)出现过敏反应。表现包括低血压,血管性水肿,荨麻疹或其他皮疹,瘙痒和呼吸困难。由于体征和症状重叠,因此无法在所有情况下区分超敏反应和输注反应[参见警告和注意事项( 5.3 )] 。一些患者(13%)接受了处方前治疗,这可能减轻或掩盖了超敏反应。但是,没有足够的证据来确定服药是否会减少超敏反应的频率或严重程度。
在成人皮下注射Benlysta的对照试验中,全身超敏反应与静脉内临床试验中观察到的反应相似。
Benlysta静脉使用应由准备处理过敏反应的医疗服务提供者进行管理。如果发生严重反应,请立即停用Benlysta并进行适当的药物治疗。在输注Benlysta期间以及输液期间和适当的时间段内监视患者。考虑在静脉内给药之前进行预防性用药[见剂量和给药方法( 2.1 )]。
告知接受Benlysta的患者过敏反应的体征和症状,并指示他们一旦发生反应应立即就医。
在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照临床试验中,据报道与输注相关的不良事件(在输注的同一天发生)在接受Benlysta的患者中有17%(251 / 1,458)和15%(99/675)的患者接受安慰剂的患者据报道有0.5%的Benlysta患者和0.4%的安慰剂患者出现严重的输液反应(超敏反应),包括心动过缓,肌痛,头痛,皮疹,荨麻疹和低血压。最常见的输液反应(≥3%的Benlysta患者)为头痛,恶心和皮肤反应。由于体征和症状重叠,因此无法在所有情况下区分超敏反应和输注反应[参见警告和注意事项( 5.2 )] 。一些患者(13%)接受了服药前治疗,这可能减轻或掩盖了输液反应。然而,没有足够的证据来确定服药是否会减少输注反应的频率或严重性。考虑在静脉内给药之前进行预防性用药[见剂量和给药方法( 2.1 ),不良反应( 6.1 )] 。
Benlysta静脉使用应由准备处理输注反应的医疗服务提供者进行管理。如果患者发生输液反应,输液速度可能会减慢或中断。医疗保健提供者应意识到可能会以输注反应形式出现的超敏反应的风险,并密切监视患者[见警告和注意事项( 5.2 )] 。
在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照临床试验中,据报道,使用Benlysta(16%)的患者比安慰剂(12%)的患者发生精神病的频率更高,并且主要与抑郁症相关的事件,失眠和焦虑有关。分别有0.8%和0.4%的Benlysta患者和0.4%和0.1%的安慰剂患者报告了严重的精神病和严重的抑郁症。据报告接受Benlysta的患者有2例自杀(占0.1%)(1例为10 mg / kg,1例为1 mg / kg)[见不良反应( 6.1 ) ]。
在静脉注射Benlysta的上市后试验中,据报道,分别有1.0%和0.3%的Benlysta患者以及0.3%和<0.1%的安慰剂患者发生了严重的精神病和严重的抑郁症。自杀意念,行为或无自杀意向的自伤的总发生率为接受Benlysta的患者为0.7%,接受安慰剂的患者为0.2%。两组均未见自杀事件[见不良反应( 6.1 )] 。
上述静脉试验未排除有精神病史的患者。
在一项成人Benlysta皮下注射的对照试验中,排除了有精神病史的患者,据报道,接受Benlysta的患者(6%)与接受安慰剂的患者(11%)相比,发生精神病的频率更低。两组均未发现严重的抑郁相关事件或自杀事件[见不良反应( 6.2 )] 。
在使用Benlysta治疗之前,应考虑患者的病史和当前的精神病状况,评估其抑郁和自杀的风险,并在治疗过程中继续监视患者。指导接受Benlysta(和护理人员,如果适用)的患者,如果他们遇到新的或恶化的抑郁症,自杀念头或行为或其他情绪变化,请与他们的医疗保健提供者联系。考虑对出现此类症状的患者继续使用Benlysta治疗的风险和收益。
Benlysta治疗对恶性肿瘤发展的影响尚不清楚。
在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照临床试验中,有0.4%的Benlysta患者和0.4%的安慰剂患者报告了恶性肿瘤(包括非黑素瘤皮肤癌)。在静脉内对照临床试验中,接受Benlysta和安慰剂的患者分别有0.2%(3 / 1,458)和0.3%(2/675)的患者除外了非黑色素瘤皮肤癌。在Benlysta皮下给药的对照临床试验中(N = 836),数据相似。 Benlysta的作用机制可能会增加发生恶性肿瘤的风险。
由于尚未建立临床安全性,因此不应在Benlysta之前或与之同时服用30天活疫苗。没有关于从接受活疫苗的人到接受Benlysta的患者的二次感染传播或Benlysta对新免疫的影响的数据。由于其作用机理,Benlysta可能会干扰免疫反应。
Benlysta尚未与其他生物疗法(包括B细胞靶向疗法或静脉内环磷酰胺)联合研究。因此,不建议将Benlysta与生物疗法或静脉内环磷酰胺联合使用。
使用Benlysta观察到以下不良反应,并在“警告和注意事项”部分中进行了详细讨论:
由于临床试验是在广泛不同的条件下进行的,因此无法将在某种药物的临床试验中观察到的不良反应率与在另一种药物的临床试验中观察到的不良反应率直接进行比较,并且可能无法反映实际中观察到的不良反应率。
大人
表1中描述的数据反映了在3项对照试验(试验1、2和3)中,在2133名成年患者中,静脉注射Benlysta加标准疗法与安慰剂加标准疗法相比的暴露情况。患者接受Benlysta加标准疗法的剂量为1 mg / kg(n = 673),4 mg / kg(n = 111;仅试验1)或10 mg / kg(n = 674),或安慰剂加标准疗法( n = 675)在第0、14、28天以及每28天的1小时内静脉内注射。在其中两个试验(试验1和试验3)中,治疗进行了48周,而在另一个试验(试验2)中,治疗进行了72周[见临床研究( 14.1 )] 。由于使用Benlysta观察到的大多数不良事件并未出现明显的剂量相关性增加,除非另有说明,以下汇总的3种静脉内剂量的安全性数据均已列出。不良反应表显示与安慰剂相比建议的10 mg / kg静脉注射剂量的结果。
人口的平均年龄为39岁(范围:18至75),女性为94%,白人为52%。在这些试验中,使用Benlysta加标准疗法治疗的患者中有93%报告了不良事件,而使用安慰剂加标准疗法治疗的患者为92%。
最常见的严重不良事件是严重感染(接受Benlysta和安慰剂加标准疗法的组分别为6.0%和5.2%),其中一些是致命的[见警告和注意事项( 5.1 )] 。
在临床试验中,≥5%的患者中最常报告的不良事件为恶心,腹泻,发热,鼻咽炎,支气管炎,失眠,四肢疼痛,抑郁,偏头痛和咽炎。
在对照临床试验中,因任何不良反应而中止治疗的患者比例为接受Benlysta加标准疗法的患者为6.2%,接受安慰剂加标准疗法的患者为7.1%。导致治疗中断(≥1%的接受Benlysta或安慰剂的患者)的最常见不良反应是输液反应(1.6%Benlysta和0.9%安慰剂),狼疮性肾炎(0.7%Benlysta和1.2%安慰剂)和感染(0.7 %Benlysta和1.0%安慰剂)。
表1列出了至少3%的接受Benlysta 10 mg / kg加标准疗法的SLE患者发生的不良反应,无论是否因果关系,发生率比安慰剂加标准疗法3例中的发生率高至少1%试验(试验1、2和3)。
首选条款 | 本利斯塔 10毫克/千克+ 标准疗法 | 安慰剂+ 标准疗法 |
恶心 | 15 | 12 |
腹泻 | 12 | 9 |
发热 | 10 | 8 |
鼻咽炎 | 9 | 7 |
支气管炎 | 9 | 5 |
失眠 | 7 | 5 |
四肢疼痛 | 6 | 4 |
萧条 | 5 | 4 |
偏头痛 | 5 | 4 |
咽炎 | 5 | 3 |
膀胱炎 | 4 | 3 |
白细胞减少症 | 4 | 2 |
胃肠炎病毒 | 3 | 1个 |
感染:在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照临床试验中,接受Benlysta的患者的总感染发生率为71%,而接受安慰剂的患者为67%。最常见的感染(接受Benlysta的患者中> 5%)是上呼吸道感染,泌尿道感染,鼻咽炎,鼻窦炎,支气管炎和流感。导致终止治疗的感染发生在0.7%的Benlysta患者和1.0%的安慰剂患者中。接受Benlysta的患者中有6.0%发生严重感染,接受安慰剂的患者中有5.2%发生严重感染。最常见的严重感染包括肺炎,尿路感染,蜂窝织炎和支气管炎。致命的感染发生在接受Benlysta的患者中占0.3%(4 / 1,458),而接受安慰剂的患者中占0.1%(1/675)。
在一项静脉注射Benlysta的随机,双盲,安慰剂对照,为期52周的上市后安全性试验中(N = 4,003),接受Benlysta的患者中严重感染的发生率为3.7%,而接受安慰剂的患者为4.1%。接受Benlysta的患者中有1.0%发生严重感染,导致治疗中断,接受安慰剂的患者中有0.9%发生严重感染。致命的感染发生在接受Benlysta的患者中占0.45%(9 / 2,002),而接受安慰剂的患者占0.15%(3 / 2,001),其中接受Benlysta的患者全因死亡率为0.50%(10 / 2,002)。接受安慰剂的患者为0.40%(8 / 2,001)。
抑郁和自杀:在成人静脉注射Benlysta的对照临床试验(N = 2,133)中,Benlysta的精神病事件(16%)比安慰剂(12%)更频繁,主要与抑郁症相关事件(6.3%)相关Benlysta; 4.7%安慰剂),失眠(6.0%Benlysta; 5.3%安慰剂)和焦虑症(3.9%Benlysta; 2.8%安慰剂)。据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有0.8%(12 / 1,458)发生严重的精神病,接受安慰剂的患者中有0.4%(3/675)。据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有0.4%(6 / 1,458)患严重抑郁症,接受安慰剂的患者中有0.1%(1/675)。据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有2名自杀(占0.1%)(1名自杀/ 10 mg / kg和1名自杀/ 1 mg / kg)。
在静脉注射Benlysta(N = 4,003)的一项随机,双盲,安慰剂对照,为期52周的上市后安全性试验中,据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有1.0%(20 / 2,002)的患者发生了严重的精神病事件,而接受0.3%的患者(0.32 6 / 2,001)接受安慰剂的患者。据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有0.3%(7 / 2,002)患严重抑郁症,接受安慰剂的患者中<0.1%(1 / 2,001)有严重抑郁症。严重的意念,行为或无自杀意图的自伤的总发生率,接受Benlysta的患者为0.7%(15 / 2,002),接受安慰剂的患者为0.2%(5 / 2,001)。在《哥伦比亚自杀严重性等级量表》(C-SSRS)中,接受本利斯塔治疗的患者中有2.4%(48 / 1,974)有自杀意念或行为,而接受安慰剂的患者中有2.0%(39 / 1,988)有自杀意念或行为。两组均未发生自杀事件。
上述静脉试验未排除有精神病史的患者。
黑人/非裔美国人患者:静脉注射Benlysta 10 mg / kg与标准疗法(n = 331)相比,在黑人患者中(安慰剂+标准疗法(n = 165))的安全性(试验4)与已知的安全性一致总人口中静脉注射Benlysta和标准疗法的比例[参见临床研究( 14.1 )] 。
小儿患者
在93名儿科患者中评估了静脉内联合标准疗法(n = 53)与安慰剂联合标准疗法(n = 40)的安全性(试验5)。观察到的不良反应与成人观察到的一致[见临床研究( 14.1 )] 。
下述数据反映了在836例对照试验中,与安慰剂加标准疗法相比,皮下注射加标准疗法的Benlysta暴露(试验6)。除标准治疗外,患者每周一次接受Benlysta 200 mg(n = 556)或安慰剂(n = 280)(2:1随机分组),持续52周[见临床研究( 14.2 )] 。
总人口的平均年龄为39岁(范围:18至77岁),女性为94%,白人为60%。在该试验中,使用Benlysta加标准疗法治疗的患者中有81%报告了不良事件,而使用安慰剂加标准疗法治疗的患者为84%。在对照临床试验中,由于任何不良反应而中止治疗的患者比例为:接受Benlysta加标准疗法的患者为7.2%,接受安慰剂加标准疗法的患者为8.9%。
皮下注射联合标准疗法观察到的安全性与已知的静脉注射联合标准疗法的安全性一致,除了局部注射部位反应外。
传染病
在成人皮下注射Benlysta的对照试验中(N = 836),接受Benlysta的患者的总感染发生率为55%,而接受安慰剂的患者的总感染率为57%(严重感染:Benlysta为4.1%,安慰剂为5.4%) 。皮下注射Benlysta的最常报告的感染与静脉内注射Benlysta的报告相似。致命的感染发生在0.5%(3/556)的接受Benlysta的患者中,没有患者接受安慰剂(0/280)。
抑郁和自杀
在成人皮下注射Benlysta的对照试验(N = 836)中,该患者排除了有精神病史的患者,据报道有6%的Benlysta患者和11%的安慰剂患者发生精神事件。据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有2.7%(15/556)与抑郁症相关,而接受安慰剂的患者中有3.6%(10/280)。据报道,接受Benlysta的患者中有0.2%(1/556)发生了严重的精神事件,没有接受安慰剂的患者。两组均无严重抑郁相关事件或自杀事件的报告。在C‑SSRS上,接受Benlysta治疗的患者有1.3%(7/554)的人有自杀意念或行为,相比之下,接受安慰剂的患者只有0.7%(2/277)。
注射部位反应
在成人皮下注射Benlysta的对照临床试验中(N = 836),接受Benlysta加标准疗法的患者注射部位反应的发生率为6.1%(34/556),接受安慰剂的患者为2.5%(7/280)加上标准疗法。这些注射部位反应(最常见的是疼痛,红斑,血肿,瘙痒和硬结)的轻度至中度。大多数(94%)无需中断治疗。
在Benlysta的批准后使用过程中,发现了以下不良反应。由于这些反应是从不确定大小的人群中自愿报告的,因此并非总是能够可靠地估计其发生频率或建立与药物暴露的因果关系。
与所有治疗性蛋白质一样,具有免疫原性的潜力。抗体形成的检测高度依赖于测定的灵敏度和特异性。另外,在测定中观察到的抗体(包括中和抗体)阳性的发生率可能受到几个因素的影响,这些因素包括测定方法,样品处理,样品收集的时机,伴随用药和基础疾病。由于这些原因,将贝利木单抗抗体的发生率与其他研究或其他产品中抗体的发生率进行比较可能会产生误导。
在试验2和3(成人静脉给药)中,在接受Benlysta 10 mg / kg的563名患者中有4名(0.7%)检测到抗Belimumab抗体,在接受Benlysta 1 mg / kg的559名患者中有27名(4.8%)检测到抗Belimumab抗体。由于在高药物浓度下测定灵敏度较低,因此报告的接受10 mg / kg药物的频率可能会低估实际频率。在接受Benlysta 1 mg / kg的3例患者中检测到中和抗体。 3例抗Belimumab抗体的患者出现轻度输液反应,包括恶心,红斑,皮疹,眼睑浮肿,头痛和呼吸困难。这些反应都没有危及生命。在试验4(成年黑人患者的静脉给药)中,在52周安慰剂对照期间,在接受Benlysta 10 mg / kg的321名患者中,有2名(0.6%)检测到抗贝利木单抗抗体。在试验5(儿科患者的静脉给药)中,在52周安慰剂对照期间,接受Benlysta 10 mg / kg加标准疗法治疗的53位患者中没有形成抗贝立单抗抗体。在试验6(成人皮下给药)中,在52周安慰剂对照期间,接受556 mg接受Benlysta 200 mg治疗的556名患者没有形成抗Belimumab抗体。
尚不存在抗Belimumab抗体的临床相关性。
数据反映了在特定测定中测试结果对贝利木单抗抗体呈阳性的患者百分比。
Benlysta尚未进行正式的药物相互作用研究。在SLE患者的临床试验中,Benlysta与其他药物(包括皮质类固醇,抗疟药,免疫调节剂和免疫抑制剂(包括硫唑嘌呤,甲氨蝶呤和霉酚酸酯),血管紧张素途径降压药,HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂(他汀类)和非药物)同时给药-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) without evidence of a clinically meaningful effect of these concomitant medications on belimumab pharmacokinetics. The effect of belimumab on the pharmacokinetics of other drugs has not been evaluated [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] .
怀孕暴露登记
There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to Benlysta during pregnancy. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to register patients by calling 1-877-681-6296.
风险摘要
Available data on use of Benlysta in pregnant women, from observational studies, published case reports, and postmarketing surveillance, are insufficient to determine whether there is a drug-associated risk for major birth defects or miscarriage. There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with SLE (see Clinical Considerations) . Monoclonal antibodies, such as belimumab, are actively transported across the placenta during the third trimester of pregnancy and may affect immune response in the in utero-exposed infant (see Clinical Considerations) . In an animal combined embryo-fetal and pre- and post-natal development study with monkeys that received belimumab by intravenous administration, there was no evidence of fetal harm with exposures approximately 9 times (based on intravenous administration) and 20 times (based on subcutaneous administration) the exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD). Belimumab-related findings in monkey fetuses and/or infants included reductions of B-cell counts, reductions in the density of lymphoid tissue B-lymphocytes in the spleen and lymph nodes, and altered IgG and IgM titers. The no-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) was not identified for these findings; however, they were reversible within 3 to 12 months after the drug was discontinued (see Data) . Based on animal data and the mechanism of action of belimumab, the immune system in infants of treated mothers may be adversely affected. It is unknown, based on available data, whether immune effects, if identified, are reversible [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1 )].
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.所有怀孕都有出生缺陷,流产或其他不良后果的背景风险。 In the US general population, the background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
临床注意事项
Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk: Pregnant women with SLE are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including worsening of the underlying disease, premature birth, miscarriage, and intrauterine growth restriction. Maternal lupus nephritis increases the risk of hypertension and preeclampsia/eclampsia. Passage of maternal autoantibodies across the placenta may result in adverse neonatal outcomes, including neonatal lupus and congenital heart block.
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions: Monoclonal antibodies are increasingly transported across the placenta as pregnancy progresses, with the largest amount transferred during the third trimester. Risks and benefits should be considered prior to administering live or live-attenuated vaccines to infants exposed to Benlysta in utero. Monitor an infant of a treated mother for B-cell reduction and other immune dysfunction [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )].
Data
Animal Data: In a combined embryo-fetal and pre- and post-natal development study, pregnant cynomolgus monkeys received belimumab at intravenous doses of 0, 5, or 150 mg/kg every 2 weeks from confirmation of pregnancy at Gestation Days (GD) 20 to 22, throughout the period of organogenesis (up to approximately GD 50), and continuing to either the day of scheduled cesarean section (GD 150 [late third trimester]) or the day of parturition. There was no evidence of maternal toxicity, effects on embryofetal and infant survival, or structural abnormalities at exposure approximately 9 times the MRHD of 10 mg/kg intravenously or 20 times the MRHD of 200 mg subcutaneously (on an AUC basis with maternal animal intravenous doses up to 150 mg/kg). Belimumab-related findings in mothers included reductions of immature and mature B-cell counts and in fetuses and/or infants included reductions of immature and mature B-cell counts, reductions in the density of lymphoid tissue B-lymphocytes in the spleen and lymph nodes, reduced spleen weights, increased IgG titers, and reduced IgM titers. B-cell counts in infant monkeys exposed to belimumab in utero recovered by 3 months of age and in mothers after 1 year. IgG and IgM levels in infant monkeys recovered by 6 months of age and the reductions in B-lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and spleen were reversed by 1 year of age. Belimumab crossed the placenta, as it was detected in fetal cord blood and amniotic fluid on GD 150.
风险摘要
No information is available on the presence of belimumab in human milk, the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant, or the effects of the drug on milk production. Belimumab was detected in the milk of cynomolgus monkeys; however, due to species-specific differences in lactation physiology, animal data may not predict drug levels in human milk.已知母乳中存在母体IgG。 If belimumab is transferred into human milk, the effects of local exposure in the gastrointestinal tract and potential limited systemic exposure in the infant to belimumab are unknown. The lack of clinical data during lactation precludes clear determination of the risk of Benlysta to an infant during lactation; therefore, the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for Benlysta, and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from Benlysta or from the underlying maternal condition.
避孕
Following an assessment of benefit versus risk, if prevention of pregnancy is warranted, females of reproductive potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least 4 months after the final treatment.
Intravenous administration of Benlysta is indicated in children aged 5 years and older. Determination of efficacy in pediatric patients was based on pharmacokinetic (PK) and efficacy results from a pediatric SLE study (Trial 5), as well as PK exposure and extrapolation of the established efficacy of BENYLSTA plus standard therapy from the Phase 3 intravenous studies in adults. A randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled, PK, efficacy, and safety study (Trial 5) to evaluate intravenously administered Benlysta 10 mg/kg plus standard therapy compared with placebo plus standard therapy over 52 weeks was conducted in 93 pediatric patients with SLE. The proportion of pediatric patients achieving an SRI-4 response was higher in patients receiving Benlysta plus standard therapy compared with placebo plus standard therapy. Pediatric patients receiving Benlysta plus standard therapy also had a lower risk of experiencing a severe flare compared with the placebo group [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] .
The adverse event profile in pediatric patients was consistent with the overall population in the Phase 3 studies in adults [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )] .
Pharmacokinetics were evaluated in a total of 53 pediatric patients and were consistent with the adult population [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . The safety and effectiveness of Benlysta have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 5 years of age.
The safety and effectiveness of subcutaneous administration of Benlysta have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 18 years of age.
Clinical studies of Benlysta did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 or older to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Use with caution in elderly patients.
The safety and efficacy of Benlysta were evaluated in studies that included patients with SLE who had mild (creatinine clearance [CrCl] ≥60 and <90 mL/min), moderate (CrCl ≥30 and <60 mL/min), or severe (CrCl ≥15 and <30 mL/min) renal impairment. No dosage adjustment is recommended in patients with renal impairment.
No formal trials were conducted to examine the effects of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of belimumab. No dosage adjustment is recommended in patients with hepatic impairment.
In Trial 2 and Trial 3 (intravenous dosing), SLE Responder Index-4 (SRI-4) response rates were lower for Black patients receiving Benlysta plus standard therapy relative to Black patients receiving placebo plus standard therapy [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] .
In Trial 4 (intravenous dosing), a 2:1 randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Black patients, SLE Responder Index (SRI-S2K) response rates were higher for Black patients receiving Benlysta plus standard therapy (49%) relative to Black patients receiving placebo plus standard therapy (42%). However, the treatment difference was not statistically significant [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )] .
In Trial 6 (subcutaneous dosing), SRI-4 response was 45% (26/58) in Black patients receiving Benlysta plus standard therapy compared with 39% (13/33) in Black patients receiving placebo plus standard therapy [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )] .
The safety profile of Benlysta in Black patients was consistent with the known safety profile of Benlysta administered in the overall population [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 )] .
There is limited experience with overdosage of belimumab. Adverse reactions reported in association with cases of overdose have been consistent with those expected for belimumab.
Two doses of up to 20 mg/kg have been given intravenously to humans with no increase in incidence or severity of adverse reactions compared with doses of 1, 4, or 10 mg/kg.
Belimumab is a human IgG1λ monoclonal antibody specific for soluble human B lymphocyte stimulator protein (BLyS, also referred to as BAFF and TNFSF13B). Belimumab has a molecular weight of approximately 147 kDa. Belimumab is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a murine cell (NS0) expression system.
静脉输液
Benlysta (belimumab) for injection is a sterile, white to off-white, preservative‑free, lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial for reconstitution and dilution prior to intravenous infusion. Benlysta for injection is supplied as 120 mg per vial and 400 mg per vial and requires reconstitution with Sterile Water for Injection, USP (1.5 mL and 4.8 mL, respectively) to obtain a concentration of 80 mg/mL [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 )] . After reconstitution, each vial allows for withdrawal of 1.5 mL (120 mg) or 5 mL (400 mg). Each mL delivers 80 mg belimumab, citric acid (0.16 mg), polysorbate 80 (0.4 mg), sodium citrate (2.7 mg), and sucrose (80 mg), with a pH of 6.5.
样品瓶塞不是用天然橡胶胶乳制成的。
皮下注射
Benlysta (belimumab) injection is a sterile, preservative-free, clear to opalescent, and colorless to pale yellow solution for subcutaneous use. It is supplied in a 1-mL single-dose prefilled autoinjector with a fixed 27-gauge, half-inch needle or in a 1-mL single-dose prefilled syringe with a fixed 27-gauge, half-inch needle with a needle guard. Each 1 mL delivers 200 mg belimumab, L-arginine hydrochloride (5.3 mg), L-histidine (0.65 mg), L-histidine monohydrochloride (1.2 mg), polysorbate 80 (0.1 mg), and sodium chloride (6.7 mg), with a pH of 6.0.
The autoinjectors and prefilled syringes are not made with natural rubber latex.
Benlysta is a BLyS-specific inhibitor that blocks the binding of soluble BLyS, a B-cell survival factor, to its receptors on B cells. Benlysta does not bind B cells directly, but by binding BLyS, Benlysta inhibits the survival of B cells, including autoreactive B cells, and reduces the differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin-producing plasma cells.
Treatment with Benlysta in adult patients significantly reduced circulating CD19+, CD20+, naïve, and activated B cells, and the SLE B‑cell subset at Week 52. Reductions in naïve and the SLE B‑cell subset were observed as early as Week 8 and sustained to Week 52. Memory cells increased initially and slowly declined toward baseline levels by Week 52.
Treatment with Benlysta in adult patients led to reductions in IgG and anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies (anti-dsDNA) which were observed as early as Week 8 and sustained through Week 52. In patients with low complement levels at baseline, treatment led to increases in complement C3 and C4 as early as Week 12 and were sustained through Week 52.
The pharmacodynamic response observed in Black patients (Trial 4) was consistent with the previous studies.
In Trial 5 (pediatric dosing) the pharmacodynamic response was consistent with the adult data.
The clinical relevance of above mentioned pharmacodynamic biomarkers has not been established.
Intravenous Infusion in Adults
The pharmacokinetic parameters displayed in Table 2 are based on population parameter estimates from 563 adult patients who received Benlysta 10 mg/kg .
a Intravenous infusions were administered at 2-week intervals for the first 3 doses and at 4-week intervals thereafter. | |
Pharmacokinetic Parameter | Population Estimates |
Peak concentration (C max, mcg/mL) | 313 |
Area under the curve (AUC 0-∞ , day●mcg/mL) | 3,083 |
Distribution half-life (t ½ , days) | 1.8 |
Terminal half-life (t ½ , days) | 19.4 |
Systemic clearance (CL, mL/day) | 215 |
Volume of distribution (Vss, L) | 5 |
Subcutaneous Injection in Adults
The pharmacokinetic parameters displayed in Table 3 are based on population parameter estimates from 661 subjects after subcutaneous administration of belimumab. The time to reach maximum serum concentration (C max ) was 2.6 days (T max ) after administration at steady state. The bioavailability of belimumab was approximately 74%. With weekly subcutaneous administration there were minor fluctuations around the average concentration (C avg 104 mcg/mL), with C min (97 mcg/mL) being only slightly below C avg .
Pharmacokinetic Parameter | Population Estimates | ||||||||
Peak concentration (C max, mcg/mL) | 108 | ||||||||
Area under the curve (AUC 0-∞ , day●mcg/mL) | 726 | ||||||||
Distribution half-life (t ½ , days) | 1.1 | ||||||||
Terminal half-life (t ½ , days) | 18.3 | ||||||||
Systemic clearance (CL, mL/day) | 2 已知共有101种药物与Benlysta(belimumab)相互作用。
检查互动最常检查的互动查看Benlysta(belimumab)与以下药物的相互作用报告。
Benlysta(belimumab)疾病相互作用与Benlysta(belimumab)有4种疾病相互作用,包括:
药物相互作用分类
药物状态
美国日本医生Heather Benjamin MD经验:11-20年 Heather Benjamin MD经验:11-20年 Suzanne Reitz MD经验:11-20年 Heather Miske DO经验:11-20年 Heather Miske DO经验:11-20年 渡邊剛经验:21年以上 宮崎総一郎 中部大学特聘教授经验:21年以上 百村伸一 教授经验:21年以上 村上和成 教授经验:21年以上 中山秀章 教授经验:21年以上 |